Major Shifts in SNAP Benefits: Understanding Who Could Be Impacted This November

Major transformations are sweeping through the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), commonly known as food stamps, with significant implications for hundreds of thousands of beneficiaries, particularly as November approaches. These shifts mark a definitive end to certain pandemic-era flexibilities and introduce new federal mandates, redefining who qualifies for vital food assistance.

At the heart of these changes is the expiration of waivers that temporarily suspended work requirements for "Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents" (ABAWDs).

Prior to the pandemic, ABAWDs aged 18-49 were generally limited to three months of SNAP benefits within a 36-month period, unless they met specific work criteria – typically 80 hours per month – or participated in qualifying work training programs. The COVID-19 public health emergency prompted a nationwide suspension of these time limits, providing a critical lifeline to many during economic uncertainty.

However, the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 has reinstated and even expanded these requirements.

While the initial wave of these changes rolled out in July, with more states following in September and October, November represents another critical juncture as additional temporary state waivers expire. This means that many individuals who previously received benefits without meeting work requirements will now find their eligibility directly tied to these mandates.

Who, specifically, falls under the ABAWD category? Generally, it refers to adults between 18 and 49 years old who do not have children under 18 in their household, are not pregnant, and are not disabled.

If an individual in this group does not meet the 80-hour monthly work requirement, participate in a work program, or qualify for an exemption, their SNAP benefits could cease after just three months within the specified three-year period.

Crucially, the Fiscal Responsibility Act also introduced new exemptions, aiming to protect some of the most vulnerable populations.

Effective October 1, 2023, the following groups are now exempt from the ABAWD work requirements and time limits:

• Veterans: Individuals who have served in the U.S. Armed Forces.
• Homeless Individuals: Those lacking a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence.
• Young Adults Aging Out of Foster Care: Individuals aged 18-24 who were formerly in foster care.

These new exemptions provide a crucial safety net for populations that often face unique challenges in securing stable employment and housing.

Adding another layer of complexity, the age range for ABAWD work requirements is also undergoing a phased expansion.

Previously, it applied to those aged 18-49. Under the new law:

• From October 1, 2023, the age range expands to 18-52.
• From October 1, 2024, it will further expand to 18-54.

This incremental increase means a broader segment of the adult population will eventually be subject to these work requirements, significantly widening the pool of potentially affected beneficiaries.

While these federal changes are sweeping, some states may still offer temporary relief.

States with persistently high unemployment rates can apply for waivers that temporarily suspend the ABAWD time limits for certain areas or populations. However, many of these state-specific waivers are also expiring, leading to a broader implementation of the federal requirements across the nation by November.

The implications of these changes are profound, potentially leaving hundreds of thousands without crucial food assistance.

It is paramount for individuals currently receiving SNAP benefits, especially those who fall into the ABAWD category, to understand these new rules. Contacting your local SNAP office or state social services agency is highly recommended to clarify your specific eligibility, explore available exemptions, and learn about any work programs or support services that might help you maintain your benefits.