Tragic Loss: Lowcountry Resident Succumbs to Rare, Deadly EEE Mosquito Virus

A somber warning echoes across the South Carolina Lowcountry following the tragic death of a local resident from Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE), a rare yet exceptionally dangerous mosquito-borne illness. This marks the first human fatality from EEE in the state this year, bringing into sharp focus the critical need for heightened awareness and preventative action against mosquito bites.

EEE is not a common disease, but its impact is devastating.

With a mortality rate of approximately 33% among those who contract it, and severe, often permanent, neurological damage in many survivors, it stands as one of the most severe mosquito-transmitted diseases in the United States. While the specific county of residence for the victim was not disclosed by public health officials, the confirmed case serves as a stark reminder of the omnipresent threat in our humid, mosquito-prone environment.

The symptoms of EEE can appear suddenly, typically four to ten days after being bitten by an infected mosquito.

Initial signs often include a sudden onset of headache, high fever, chills, and vomiting. As the disease progresses, it can lead to more severe neurological symptoms such as disorientation, seizures, and even coma, indicating swelling of the brain (encephalitis). Unfortunately, there is no specific antiviral treatment for EEE in humans, and no vaccine is available.

Treatment primarily focuses on supportive care to manage symptoms and complications.

This human case follows earlier reports of EEE activity in animals across the Lowcountry, including several horses and an emu testing positive for the virus. These animal cases serve as crucial sentinel events, signaling the presence of the virus in the environment and underscoring the risk to humans.

The virus typically cycles between birds and mosquitoes, with certain mosquito species acting as 'bridge vectors' to transmit the disease to mammals, including humans and horses.

Public health officials are strongly urging all residents to take proactive measures to protect themselves and their families from mosquito bites.

Key recommendations include:

• Using EPA-registered insect repellents: Look for products containing DEET, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE), para-menthane-diol (PMD), or 2-undecanone. Always follow product label instructions, especially when applying to children.
• Wearing protective clothing: When outdoors, particularly during peak mosquito activity, opt for long sleeves and long pants to minimize exposed skin.
• Avoiding peak mosquito hours: Mosquitoes that carry EEE are most active during dusk and dawn.

  Limit outdoor activities during these times or ensure maximum protection if you must be outside.

• Eliminating standing water: Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water. Regularly empty containers that hold water, such as bird baths, pet water bowls, flower pots, clogged gutters, and old tires.

  Keep swimming pools clean and properly chlorinated.

• Maintaining screens: Ensure that windows and door screens are in good repair to prevent mosquitoes from entering your home.

This tragic incident serves as a powerful call to action. While EEE remains rare, its severe consequences demand our vigilance.

By adopting these simple, yet effective, preventative measures, we can significantly reduce the risk of mosquito bites and protect our community from this formidable threat. Stay informed, stay protected.