Rare Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Confirmed in Hamilton Resident, Public Health Urges Vigilance

Hamilton Public Health Services has confirmed a rare and serious case of the Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV) in a Hamilton resident. This marks the first human case of EEEV in Ontario since 2017, prompting local health officials to remind the community about the importance of mosquito bite prevention.

The affected individual is reportedly recovering, a reassuring piece of news given the potentially severe nature of the virus.

EEEV is an exceptionally rare illness, but its implications can be profound, making public awareness and preventative measures crucial.

Spread through the bite of an infected mosquito, EEEV can manifest in various ways. While many individuals bitten by an infected mosquito will not develop symptoms, those who do may experience a range from mild to extremely severe.

Initial, milder symptoms can include fever, headache, vomiting, and diarrhea. However, the virus can progress rapidly to more serious conditions like encephalitis, which is an inflammation of the brain. This severe form can lead to brain swelling, disorientation, seizures, coma, and, in some cases, can be fatal.

The Public Health Services highlights that the risk of contracting EEEV is elevated for individuals who spend significant time outdoors, particularly during dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are most active.

This makes outdoor enthusiasts, campers, and those working outside particularly susceptible.

Preventative strategies are key, as there is no specific antiviral treatment for EEEV; medical care focuses on supportive measures to manage symptoms. Hamilton Public Health is urging residents to adopt a multi-pronged approach to protect themselves and their families:

• Cover Up: When outdoors, especially during peak mosquito activity, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants to minimize exposed skin.
• Use Repellent: Apply insect repellents containing DEET or Icaridin to exposed skin and clothing.

  Always follow the product label instructions carefully.

• Avoid Peak Times: Limit outdoor activities between dusk and dawn, when mosquitoes are most active and likely to bite.
• Eliminate Breeding Grounds: Regularly empty standing water from flower pots, bird baths, tires, and any other containers.

  Mosquitoes lay their eggs in stagnant water, so removing these sources can significantly reduce populations.

• Secure Your Home: Ensure that all windows and doors have well-fitting and intact screens to prevent mosquitoes from entering your home. Repair any rips or tears promptly.

It's important to note that EEEV can also affect horses, and a vaccine is available for equines, which is generally recommended by veterinarians in high-risk areas.

While the human case is concerning, public health authorities emphasize that with diligent preventative action, the risk can be significantly mitigated.

Hamilton Public Health Services continues to monitor mosquito populations and disease activity within the region. Residents are encouraged to stay informed and incorporate these simple, yet effective, prevention tips into their daily routines to safeguard their health against mosquito-borne illnesses.