Nasa Peregrine 1: Vulcan rocket carrying Nasa moon lander lifts off in Florida

The Peregrine 1 lander carrying Nasa scientific equipment is on its way to the moon after a successful launch of the Vulcan Centaur rocket at Cape Canaveral. It marks the first launch of the powerful new rocket built by the Boeing Lockheed venture United Launch Alliance, and an attempt to make the first US lunar soft landing in 50 years.

Built by the space robotics firm Astrobotic, the Peregrine lunar lander launched at 7.18 GMT, aiming to become the first lunar landing by a private firm – a feat that has proved elusive in recent years. Within minutes of separation from the rocket, Astrobotic mission control received signal from the lander, which will go into a highly elliptical orbit to put it on course to its destination.

Peregrine is set to land on 23 February and will seek to gather data about the lunar surface ahead of planned future human missions. It is the first mission to fly under Nasa’s commercial lunar payload services (CLPS) initiative, a scheme in which the space agency pays private companies to deliver scientific equipment to the moon.

The Peregrine lunar lander during construction. Photograph: Esa/Nasa/The Open University/STFC RAL Space/Astrobotic/PA Peregrine carries five Nasa payloads and 15 others. Its instruments will measure radiation levels, surface and subsurface water ice, the magnetic field, and the extremely tenuous layer of gas called the exosphere.

The readings are expected to help minimise risks and harness the moon’s natural resources when humans return to its surface. Also onboard are the first Latin American scientific instruments attempting to reach the surface of the Moon. Five small moon rovers, each weighing less than 60g and measuring 12cm across will be deployed.

Carnegie Mellon University has a rover onboard as well. Successful missions to the moon map. More controversially, the lander contains non scientific payloads, including a physical coin “loaded with one Bitcoin” and a Japanese “lunar dream capsule” that contains 185,872 messages from children from around the world.

The rocket launch was a crucial first for United Launch Alliance. Vulcan has spent roughly a decade in development to replace ULA’s workhorse Atlas V rocket and rival the reusable Falcon 9 from Elon Musk’s SpaceX in the satellite launch market. Speaking after the deployment of the lunar lander payload, the ULA CEO, Tory Bruno, said “I am so thrilled.

I am so proud of this team. Oh my gosh, this has been years of hard work. So far this has been an absolutely beautiful mission. Back to the moon. Our team has done such a good job. This is just … it’s hard to describe.” He said they were the only team in the market who could deliver what the US needed.

Monday’s flight was one of two test launches before the rocket system can be certified to carry national security payloads for the US Space Force. As well as the lunar lander, the mission is also delivering a memorial payload into space containing the remains and DNA of several people associated with the Star Trek television franchise, including the actors James Doohan, DeForest Kelley and Nichelle Nichols..