ACOG Doubles Down: Cannabis During Pregnancy Poses Serious Risks

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has once again issued a powerful and unequivocal warning: cannabis use during pregnancy and while breastfeeding poses significant and undeniable risks to both mother and child. In a world where cannabis is becoming increasingly normalized and legalized, ACOG's updated committee opinion serves as a critical beacon, urging caution and emphasizing the profound importance of protecting developing lives.

Amidst the evolving landscape of cannabis perception, a dangerous misconception has taken root – that its use during pregnancy is benign or even beneficial.

However, leading experts in obstetrics and gynecology vehemently disagree. Dr. Laura MacIsaac, co-author of the committee opinion, underscored this point, stating that "cannabis use in pregnancy and lactation is not without harm and has potential adverse health consequences for the developing fetus and child." This isn't just a recommendation; it's a vital public health message.

The scientific evidence is increasingly clear.

When a pregnant person uses cannabis, the psychoactive compound tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) readily crosses the placenta, reaching the developing fetus. Similarly, for breastfeeding mothers, THC and other cannabinoids are passed through breast milk to the infant. The fetal brain, still in its most critical stages of formation, is particularly vulnerable to these chemical exposures.

Research has correlated cannabis exposure during pregnancy with a spectrum of concerning outcomes.

These include lower birth weight, preterm birth, and a higher likelihood of developmental problems. As children grow, potential long-term impacts can manifest as cognitive issues, behavioral challenges, and even attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Beyond THC, cannabis smoke itself contains a cocktail of harmful chemicals, including carbon monoxide and lead, which further endanger both mother and baby.

ACOG's updated guidance is a direct response to rising trends.

Surveys have shown a troubling increase in cannabis use among pregnant individuals, particularly during the first trimester. With more widespread legalization, access has grown, but understanding of the associated risks hasn't kept pace. It's a stark reminder that 'natural' doesn't always equate to 'safe,' especially during such a sensitive period.

Given these compelling findings, ACOG's recommendation is unambiguous: individuals who are pregnant, trying to conceive, or breastfeeding should abstain from cannabis use in all forms.

This includes smoking, vaping, edibles, and topical applications. Healthcare providers are encouraged to screen all pregnant and lactating patients for cannabis use and to offer counseling on the potential risks. Crucially, support and resources should be provided for those who struggle with cessation, acknowledging that this can be a challenging journey.

In summary, ACOG's reaffirmed position is a critical call to action for public health.

It's a reminder that while personal choices are respected, the responsibility to protect the most vulnerable among us – our unborn and newborn children – is paramount. Expectant and new parents are urged to have open, honest conversations with their healthcare providers about any substance use to ensure the healthiest possible start for their baby.